»ç¹«½ÇµéÀ» Àå¾ÇÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ ÇÑÄÄ ¿ÀÇǽº
¸ð½ºÅ©¹Ù=±è¿øÀÏ Ä®·³´Ï½ºÆ®
2017³â ·¯½Ã¾Æ ½ÃÀå¿¡ ÁøÃâÇÑ Çѱ¹ ±â¾÷ ÇÑÄÄÀÇ ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ·¯½Ã¾Æ ½ÃÀå Á¡À¯À²ÀÌ 1³âµµ ¾ÈµÅ 10%¿¡ À̸£·¶´Ù°í ÇÑÄÄ µô·¯ÀÎ M ºñµð¿À»ç°¡ 19ÀÏ ¹àÇû´Ù.
·¯½Ã¾Æ ÀÏ°£ ÄÞ¸Þ¸£»êÆ®¿¡ µû¸£¸é 2017³â¸» °á»ê °á°ú ÇÑÄÄ ¿ÀÇǽº°¡ 10% ¾àÁø(å¸òä)À» º¸À̸ç ÀÌ¿¡ ¿µÇâ¹ÞÀº ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ® ¿ÀÇǽºÀÇ Á¡À¯À²ÀÌ 96%¿¡¼ 89%·Î ´Ù¼Ò ¶³¾îÁ³Áö¸¸ ÆǸŷ®Àº 40% Áõ°¡ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ³ª¸ÓÁö 1%´Â ·¯½Ã¾Æ»ê ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ±âŸ ¼Ö·ç¼ÇµéÀÌ´Ù.
<ÄÞ¸Þ¸£»êÆ® À¥»çÀÌÆ®>
ÇÑÄÄ ¿ÀÇǽº°¡ ·¯½Ã¾Æ ½ÃÀå¿¡¼ Á¡À¯À²À» ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø °ÍÀº ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ® ¿ÀÇǽº ÇØÀûÆÇÀ» ¾²´ø ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀÌ ÇÑÄÄ ¿ÀÇǽº¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇ߱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ®´Â Á¡À¯À²¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â º°´Ù¸¥ ¾ð±ÞÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í IT ½ÃÀå¿¡ »õ·Î¿î ¾÷üµéÀÌ µîÀåÇÑ °ÍÀ» ȯ¿µÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
Mºñµð¿À¿¡¼ ÆǸÅÇÑ ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³º° ÆǸŷ® Àüü¿¡¼´Â ÇÑÄÄ ¿ÀÇǽº°¡ 23%¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. Mºñµð¿À¿¡¼´Â ·¯½Ã¾Æ Àüü °¡Á¤¿ë ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¼Ò¸Å ÆǸŷ®ÀÇ 40%°¡ ÆǸŵǰí ÀÖ´Ù.
Çѱ¹¿¡¼ ÇÑÄÄÀº ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ½ÃÀåÀÇ 3ºÐÀÇ 1À» Â÷ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ·¯½Ã¾Æ´Â Áß±¹°ú ÇÔ²² ÇÑÄÄÀÇ À¯¸Á½ÃÀåÀÌ¸ç ·¯½Ã¾Æ ¸ÅÃâ·®ÀÌ ÇÑÄÄ Àüü ¸ÅÃâ·®ÀÇ 3%¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÑÄÄ °ü°èÀÚ´Â ¸»Çß´Ù. ÇÑÄÄÀº ·¯½Ã¾Æ ±¹¿µ ±â¾÷üµé¿¡µµ ÀÚ»ç ¿ÀÇǽº¸¦ ÆǸÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, B2Cº¸´Ù ±Ô¸ð°¡ Å« B2B¿Í B2GºÎ¹®¿¡ ´õ Å« ±â´ë¸¦ °É°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÇöÀç ·¯½Ã¾Æ ±¹°¡ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ÃßÁøÇÏ°í Àִµ¥ ¾ÆÁ÷Àº Ãʱ⠰ËÅä ´Ü°èÀÌ´Ù. ´Ü ¿©±â¿¡ ¼öÀÔ´ëü Á¤Ã¥ÀÌ Àå¾Ö(î¡礙)°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 2016³âºÎÅÍ Á¤ºÎ ±â°üµéÀº ·¯½Ã¾Æ ±¹³» ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î µî·ÏºÎ¿¡ µî·ÏµÈ ´ëü ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ ¾ø°Å³ª ±× ±â´ÉÀÌ ±âÁØ¿¡ ¹Ì´ÞÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ¿Ü±¹ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ ±¸ÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¼Ò¸Å ÆǸŷ®Àº ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ® »çÀÇ Á¦Ç°µµ Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ® ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ö¿ä´Â 40% Áõ°¡Çß´Ù°í Mºñµð¿À»ç´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¼ö¿ä°¡ Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â Ãß¼¼¿¡¼ ÇÑÄÄ ¿ÀÇǽº´Â ÇâÈÄ ÇØÀûÆÇ ÄÜÅÙÃ÷¸¦ ¾²Áö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á´Â »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ´õ ÆǸŸ¦ ´Ã·Á°¥ Àü¸ÁÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ È¸»çÀÇ Åë°è¿¡ µû¸£¸é 2017³â ·¯½Ã¾Æ Àüü·Î ÆÇ¸ÅµÈ ¿ÀÇǽº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ±â¾÷ ±¸¸Å¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¾ç¸¸ 50¸¸ ÆÐŶÀÌ´Ù. ·¯½Ã¾Æ Àüü ¼Ò¸Å ÆǸŴ 30% Áõ°¡ÇßÀ¸¸ç(2016³â Áõ°¡·®Àº 15%) ÀÌ È¸»çÀÇ Ã¼ÀÎÁ¡¿¡¼ ÆǸŷ®Àº 80% Áõ°¡Çß´Ù. ÆǸŷ® Áõ°¡ÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ¿äÀÎÀº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÆǸŵǴ °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀÌ È¸»ç¸¦ ã´Â PC¿Í ³ëÆ®ºÏ ±¸¸Å °í°´Àº ¸ðµÎ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¶óÀ̼¾½º¸¦ °°ÀÌ ±¸¸ÅÇÑ´Ù. 1³â Àü¸¸ Çصµ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ±¸¸Å °í°´4ºÐÀÇ 1¸¸ÀÌ ¶óÀ̼¾½º¸¦ ±¸ÀÔÇß´Ù.
ÇÑÄÄ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ÆǸŠÁõ°¡´Â Çѱ¹ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â »ï¼º ÅÂºí¸´ ÆǸſ͵µ °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¡®´º Ŭ¶ó¿ìµå ±â¼ú¡¯»ç(¿ÀÇǽº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¡®¸¶ÀÌ ¿ÀÇǽº¡¯ °³¹ß»ç) ´ëÇ¥´Â ¸»Çß´Ù. ÇÑÄÄÀÌ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿Í °æÀï »ó´ë°¡ µÈ´Ù°í º¸±â´Â ¾î·Æ´Ù. ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ®ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀÌ ¸î ¹è³ª ´õ ¸¹°í ¼öÁØÀÌ ³ô±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
ÄÞ¸Þ¸£»êÆ®´Â ±×·¯³ª ¡°»ó´çÇÏ°í °·ÂÇÑ ±â´ÉÀ» °®Ãá ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ß ¾÷üÀÇ µîÀåÀ¸·Î ±â¾÷ ¹× ¿µ¾÷ ºÐ¾ß »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀº ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î ¼ÒÇÁÆ®ÀÇ ´ë¾È(ÓÛäÐ)À» ã°í ÀçÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Á¶°ÇÀ» Àç°ËÅäÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ¾ò°Ô µÆ´Ù¡±°í Àǹ̸¦ ºÎ¿©Çß´Ù.
¸¶ÄÉÆà ȸ»ç ¡®½Ã½ºÅÛ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¡¯»çÀÇ °¥Ä« »çÀåÀº ¡°Mºñµð¿À »ç´Â ÇÑÄÄ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¸¦ Ä«½ºÆÛ½ºÅ° ·¦»çÀÇ ¾ÈƼ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú °°ÀÌ ÀÏ°ý ÆǸÅÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾î¼ À̰͵µ ÆǸŷ®¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù¡±°í ÁöÀûÇß´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑÄÄ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î µô·¯µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö´Â ÆǸŷ®ÀÌ ¹Ì¹ÌÇÏ°í, »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷Àº ¹«·á ¿ÀÇǽº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÎ Open Office ¿Í ·¯½Ã¾Æ»ê ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÎ ¡®¸¶ÀÌ¿ÀÇǽº¡¯¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ º¸·Á´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
±Û·Î¹úÀ¥Áø NEWSROH www.newsroh.com
<²¿¸®´º½º>
Technology in Russia
The Information technology sector in Russia employed around 300,000 people in 2012, and contributed 1.2% of the country's GDP in 2015.[2] The sector is concentrated in the cities of Moscow and Saint Petersburg and Innopolis.
The Russian IT sector drew comparatively little from Soviet-era institutions. Russian IT companies were started in the early 1990s by founders with an academic background seeking to find a place in the new market economy. Piracy was widespread in the country, with an estimated 90% of all software in Russia being pirated in 1997.
In the 1990s, companies such as Vist began assembling computers out of foreign-made components, targeting small businesses and families who could not afford foreign brands like IBM and Compaq. DVM Computer gained some traction in the laptop market with its RoverBook brand. The Russian Computer Association (¬²¬à¬ã¬ã¬Ú¬Û¬ã¬Ü¬Ñ¬ñ ¬Ü¬à¬Þ¬á¬î¬ð¬ä¬Ö¬â¬ß¬Ñ¬ñ ¬Ñ¬ã¬ã¬à¬è¬Ú¬Ñ¬è¬Ú¬ñ) was the trade association representing the sector. In 1997 Yandex was established in Moscow.
In 1999 MCST developed the E2K processor, which was initially hyped as an Itanium killer, but the project was hampered by a chronic lack of funding.
Over time, Russian companies moved to software development, an activity which enjoyed higher margins. Local companies cater to the specific needs of the Russian market, such as ERP software developed by 1C Company with a focus on Russian accounting rules. Kaspersky Labs is described as the flagship company of the Russian IT industry. Exports of software and IT services from Russia reached $7 billion in 2015, up from $2.8 billion in 2009.
In 2012 MCST launched the NT-ElbrusS, a rugged laptop for military applications.
In the aftermath of the War in Donbass and the annexation of Crimea, the Ukrainian government banned a number of Russian IT companies from conducting business in the country.
In June 2015 the Russian parliament passed a law to establish a preference system for software developed in Russia.
Worsening relations between the United States and Russia have led some to advocate a purge of Russian software. (www.en.wikipedia.org)